網路內科繼續教育
有效期間:民國 92年05月16日 92年05月31日

    Case Discussion

A 40 years old man admitted to our ward due to multiple joint pain and relapsing fever for more than 6 months.

The patient was quite well until 6 months ago he began to notice pain with swelling over bilateral knee joints, left ankle joint and fusiform swelling over the 2nd and 3rd digit of his right hand. 1 month before this admission, he started to complain lower back pain with morning stiffness. In addition, hyperkeratotic skin lesions were found over both hand and feet. Deformed and exfoliated nails were also noted over toes of both feet. 2 weeks before these episode, he was suffered from dysuria after an extramarrital sexual contact.

After admission, physical examination revealed mild hyperremic conjunctiva, a shollw-based ulcer was found over his tongue. No lymph nodes were palapble, swelling and local heat of bilateral knee joints. Tenderness along margin of sternum and achill tendon.Shallow ulcer was found in his glans penis but the patient did not ever noticed and no discomfort was complained at the time of examination.Lung and cardiovascular system is unremarkable. Erythematous and hyperkeratotic skin lesions were noted over both palm and sole with scattered lesion in his lower abdomin.

< Laboratory data>

Complete blood count:
WBC: 9680/ul, RBC: 3240000 /ul, Hb: 10.2 g/dl. Platelet: 490000/ul
Biochemistry:
BUN: 12.7 mg/dl, Cr: 0.92 mg/dl, Na: 138 mmol/l, K: 4.62 mmol/dl, AST:36u/l ALP: 32 u/l; Uric acid: 9.6 mg/dl
Hematology:
ESR: 68/1 hour, Ferritin: 786 ng/ml (normal range: 17.9 – 464), Iron: 22 ug/dl (51-180), TIBC: 390 (275-332)
Immunology:
CRP: 24 mg/l (<6.00), RA factor: -, HLA-B27:+,
microbiology: blood culture all negative culture.
                        microbiology: blood culture all negative culture.
Image study:
Unilateral sacroilitis, Gr II/IV, right side
L spine: unremarkable finding
Both knee joint: soft tissue swelling.

繼續教育考題
1.
(A)
根據以上的描述,下述的診斷最不可能?
AOsteoarthritis
BReiter syndrome
CPsoriatic arthritis
DReactive arthritis
2.
(C)
你認為病人貧血,最可能的原因為何?
A缺鐵性貧血
B地中海貧血
CChronic disease anemia
D 溶血
3.
(C)
病人沿著胸骨有壓痛感最可能的原因為何?
A心肌缺氧
B食道炎
CEnthesitis
D骨膜痛
4.
(C)
你認為該病人最有可能發病的原因為?
A尿酸偏高、痛風發作
B類風濕性關節炎
C泌尿道感染後引起之萊特症候群
D細菌性關節炎
5.
(D)
傳統的萊特性症候群不包括那下列那項症狀?
A關節炎
B尿道炎
C結膜炎
D大腸炎
6.
(B)
下列藥物的使用, 那項最不需要使用在該病人身上?
ANSAID
BColchicine
CSulphasalazine
DAntibiotics
7.
(D)
皮膚的病變為何?
AChronic Eczema
BUrticaria
CPyoderma ganglionosum
DKeratodermia Blenorrhagicum
8.
(C)
你預期該病人關節液抽出後送去培養會有什麼結果?
A培養出Chlamydia
B培養出Gonornhea
C培養不出任何菌種
D不一定,看培養的技術
9.
(C)
以下那些症狀預期病人以後最有可能發生? 
A類風濕性結節
B痛風石
C眼睛虹彩炎
D腦膜炎
10.
(D)
病人預後會如何?
A 自行痊癒
B嚴重肢體障礙變形
C皮膚病變會擴展至全身
D以上都有可能

答案解說

A middle age man with the complain of arthritis, lower back pain, conjunctivitis genital lesion and skin lesion is not like a case of osteoarthritis. OA is very unlikely happens in a 40 years old man, in addition, OA is simply a joint disease usually not associated with so many other clinical manifestations. According to his prior GU tract infection after an extramarital sexual contact and the presence of typical triad: arthritis, conjunctivitis and urethritis, he was diagnosed to have Reiter's syndrome. In addition to the classical trial, the patient with Reiter's syndrome may have other complication, for example, the skin lesion called “ Keratodermia Blenorrhagicum”, the typical enthesitis of spondyloarthropathies ( enthesitis is usually presented with heel pain, achill tendon pain, chest pain etc) A patients with long term arthritis (in this case, more than 6 months) is in a condition of chronic inflammatory disease. In this condition, chronic disease anemia often supervenes with the iron profile showing low serum iron and high ferritin level. NSAID, sulfasalazine and some times antibiotics were used to treat reiter's syndrome.


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