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(B) 1.Åã¼v¾¯µÇ¯fÅÜ(contrast nephropathy)¤§¤Þµo¥D­n»P¦óºØ¤¶½è(mediator)¦³Ãö¡H
A.µÇ¤W¸¢¥Ö½èîÇà¬(aldosterone)
B.¤º¥Ö¯À(endothelin)
C.«e¦C¸¢¯À(prostaglandin)
D.¦åºÞ¦¬ÁY¯À(vasopressin)
E.¤ß©Ð§Q¶uÐ`úT(atrial natriuretic peptide)
 
(C) 2.¥»ºA©Ê²V¦X«¬§N¾®²y³J¥Õ¯g(essential mixed cryoglobulinemia)»P¨º¤@ºØ·P¬V¦³Ãö¡H
A.B«¬¨xª¢
B.A«¬¨xª¢
C.C«¬¨xª¢
D.¥þ³¡¦³Ãö
E.»P¨xª¢µLÃö
 
(E) 3.¤U¦C¦óªÌ¤£·|³y¦¨²Ä4«¬(type IV)µÇ¤pºÞ»Ä¤Æ¯g(renal tubular acidosis)¡H
A.¿}§¿¯fµÇ¯fÅÜ
B.«DÃþ©T¾J§Üµoª¢¾¯ (NSAIDs)
C.ºC©ÊµÇ¤pºÞ¶¡½è©ÊµÇ¯fÅÜ(chronic tubulointerstitial nephropathy)
D.¥H¤W¬Ò¬O
E.¥H¤W¬Ò«D
 
(C) 4.30·³¨k©Ê¡AÅéÀˮɶW­µªiµo²{¦b¥ªµÇ¦³¤@2 x 2¤½¤À¤§¤pªw(cyst)¡A¸Ó¤pªw¨ÃµL¤º³¡¦^­µ(internal echo)¡AÃä½t(border)¤]¥­·Æ¡A¶Ç¾É«×(transmission)¨}¦n¡A¬Ý¦ü¤@­Ó³æ¯Â©Ê¤ôªw(simple cyst)¡A¯f¤HµL¯gª¬¡A¥çµL¦å§¿¡A±z¥H¬°¸Ó¦p¦ó³B²z¡H
A.¶i¤@¨B°µ¹q¸£Â_¼h(CT scan)
B.©â¤ôªw(cyst puncture)¥h°µÀˬd
C.³W«h©Ê¦a¦A°lÂܶW­µªi
D.¶}¤M®³±¼
E.¦åºÞÄá¼v
 
(A) 5.§Ü§Q§¿²üº¸»X¤Àªc¤£·í¯g­Ô¸s(SIADH)¯f¤H¤§§¿¶u±Æªn¶q¡A³q±`¬°¤U¦C¨º¤@¶µ¡H
A.»P¨C¤é¶uÄá¨ú¶q¬Ûµ¥
B.§C©ó¨C¤é¶uÄá¨ú¶q
C.°ª©ó¨C¤é¶uÄá¨ú¶q
D.§C©ó20 mmol/¤Ñ
E.¤£¤@©w
 
(D) 6.¦b Henoch-Schonlein ¤óµµ´³¯g(purpura)¡AµÇŦ¯f²z¤Á¤ù³Ì±`µo²{ªº¨H¿n¡A¬°¦óºØ§K¬Ì²y³J¥Õ¡H
A.IgE
B.IgG
C.IgM
D.IgA
E.¥H¤W¥þ¬O
 
(D) 7.¦b¹w¨¾©ÎªvÀø«æ©Ê§¿»ÄµÇ¯fÅÜ(acute uric acid nephropathy)®É¡A¨º¤@¶µ¨Ã¤£¾A·í¡H
A.¸É¥R¤ô¥÷(hydration)
B.µ¹¤©allopurinol
C.¨Ï¥Îfurosemide
D.¨Ï¥Î´â¤Æ¶t(calcium chloride)
E.¨Ï¥Îacetazolamide
 
(D) 8.¹ï©ó¯T½HµÇª¢(lupus nephritis)¤§µÇ¥ÍÀË(renal biopsy)µo²{¬°²Ä4¯Å(class IV)¤§¼W¥Í«¬µÇª¢(proliferating nephritis)®É¡A³Ì¾A·í¤§ªvÀø¬°¨º¤@¶µ¡H
A.«DÃþ©T¾J§Üµoª¢¾¯(NSAIDs)
B.§ÜºÄ¯eÃÄ(anti-malarial agents)
C.¦å¼ß¥æ´«³N(plasma exchange)
D.Ãþ©T¾J(steroids)©Î/¤Î(and/or)²Ó­M§í¨î¾¯(cytotoxic agents)
E.Æ[¹î´N¥i
 
(E) 9.¤U¦C¦óªÌ¤£¬O¤Þ°_µÇ«e¦]©Ê´á¦å¯g(prerenal azotemia)¤§­ì¦]¡H
A.¿N¶Ë(burns)
B.°ª¦å¶t¯g(hypercalcemia)
C.¨xµÇ¯g­Ô¸s(hepatorenal syndrome)
D.°ª¦åÖ߸Y«×¯g­Ô¸s(hyperviscosity syndrome)
E.·»¦å©Ê§¿¬r¯g­Ô¸s(hemolytic uremic syndrome)
 
(D) 10.¨º¨Ç±¡ªp¦å¼ß¤¤³±Â÷¤l»Ø(anion gap)·|¼W¥[¡H1. ¥¼³y¦¨¥ð§J¤§¸¡Âm(diarrhea)2. ଻Ħå¯g(ketoacidosis)3. µÇ¤pºÞ»Ä¤Æ¯g(renal tubular acidosis)4. ¥Ò¾J¤¤¬r(methanol intoxication)5. ¨Ï¥Î´â¤Æ¶t(calcium chloride)
A.1, 2, 3
B.2, 3, 4
C.3, 5
D.2, 4
E.4, 5
 
(C) 11.¤U¦C¨º¤@²Õ¬O³y¦¨§C¦å¹[¯g(hypokalemia)ªº¥¿½T­ì¦]¡H1. ¥NÁ©ÊÆP¦å¯g(metabolic alkalosis)2. §C¥Ö½èîÇଯg(hypoaldosteronism)3. ¸¡Âm(diarrhea)4. ¨Ï¥Î¦åºÞ±i¤O¯ÀÂà´«úC§í¨î¾¯(ACE inhibitors)5. ¨Ï¥Î«DÃþ©T¾J§Üµoª¢¾¯(NSAIDs)
A.1, 2
B.1, 4, 5
C.1, 3
D.2, 3
E.2, 4, 5
 
(C) 12.¤U¦C¦³Ãö¦¨¤H«¬¦hÅnµÇ(polycystic kidney disease)ªº±Ô­z¦óªÌ¦³»~¡H
A.¤@¯ëµÇ¥\¯à·|«ùÄò´c¤Æ¡A¤j¬ù60·³®É¦³50%ªº¯f¤H¦³µÇ°IºÜ±¡§Î
B.§¿¹D·P¬V¬°±`¨£ªº¨Öµo¯g
C.©Ò¦³ªº§Ü¥Í¯À(antibiotics)³£¥i¬ï³z¦ÜÅn(cyst)¤¤ªvÀø¨ä¤º·P¬V
D.¦³¥|¤À¤§¤@ªº¯f¤H¥i¯à¦³¤G¦yä²æ««(mitral valve prolapse)ªº²{¶H
E.±`¸û¨ä¥L¦Pµ¥µÇ°IºÜªº¯f¤H¦³¸û°ªªº¦å¤ñ®e(Hct)¡A¦]¬°¨ä¬õ¦å²y¥Í¦¨¯À(erythropoietin)¥Í²£¸û°ª
 
(B) 13.¤U¦C¦³ÃöµÇ¨ÅÀYÃa¦º(papillary necrosis)¤§±Ô­z¡A¦óªÌ¦³»~¡H
A.±`µo¥Í¦b¿}§¿¯f±wªÌ
B.±`¬°gentamicinµÇ¬r©Êªº¨Öµo¯g
C.¯f¤H±`¨£ªº¯gª¬¬°µo¿N¡B¦å§¿¤Î¸yµh(loin pain)
D.¦³¥i¯à»¤µo«æ©ÊµÇ°IºÜ
E.±`µo¥Í¦b¨â°¼µÇŦ
 
(E) 14.¦³Ãö¥¥°ü¡A¤U¦C±Ô­z¦óªÌ¬°«D¡H
A.©Ò¦³ªº¥¥°ü¦b§³®W²Ä¤@´Á³£­n°µ²Óµß§¿(bacteriuria)ªº¿zÀË
B.¥¿±`¥¥°ü§¿³J¥Õªº±Æ¥X¡A³q±`¤£¶W¹L200 mg/day
C.±µ¨ü³zªRªvÀøªº°ü¤k¡A¦³®É¤]¥i¯à¨ü¥¥
D.ªA¥ÎÀôÌUÆF(cyclosporine)¤£¼vÅT§³®W
E.§³®W¹ï²¾´ÓµÇ(renal allograft)¦³«Ü¤jªº·l®`
 
(A) 15.¤U¦C¦óªÌ¸û¤£·|¾É­P§C¶t¦å¯g(hypocalcemia)¡H
A.ªA¥Î§Q§¿¾¯(thiazide)
B.°Æ¥Òª¬¸¢§C¤U¯g(hypoparathyroidism)
C.§CÁâ¦å¯g(hypomagnesemia)
D.ºC©ÊµÇ°IºÜ
E.Vitamin D¯Ê¥F¯g
 
(D) 16.Ãö©ó amphotericin B ¤§µÇ¬r©Ê¡A¤U¦C¦óªÌ¸û¤£±`¨£¡H
A.Metabolic acidosis
B.Hypokalemia
C.Hypomagnesemia
D.Hypercalcemia
E.Acute renal failure
 
(D) 17.¦³Ãö°ªÁâ¦å¯g(hypermagnesemia)ªºÁ{§Éªí¼x¡A¤U¦C¦óªÌ¬°«D¡H
A.Decreased deep tendon reflexes
B.Respiratory depression (hypoventilation)
C.Bradycardia
D.Positive Trousseau's and Chvostek's signs
E.Muscular weakness
 
(A) 18.¦³Ãö§C¶u¦å¯g(hyponatremia)¡A¤U¦C¦óªÌ¬°«D¡H
A.§C¶u¦å¯g¥D­n¬O¦]Å餺¶u¬y¥¢¦Ó³y¦¨
B.§C¶u¦å¯g¬OÁ{§É¤W¹q¸Ñ½è»Ùê¡A³Ì±`¹J¨ìªº¤@ºØ
C.¦³§C¶u¦å¯gªº¯f¤H¥i¯à¦³äú¤ß¡B¹Ã¦R¥H¤Î©âÝzªº¯gª¬
D.SIADH(syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion)·|¾É­P§C¶u¦å¯g
E.¦pµ¹¦³§C¶u¦å¯g¯f¤HÀR¯ßª`®g3% saline¡A¸Ó¯f¤Hªº²Ó­M¤º²G(intracellular fluid)ªº®e¶q·|´î¤Ö
 
(D) 19.ªvÀø­«¯g¦ÙµL¤O¯g(myasthenic crisis)¡A¤U¦C¦óºØ¤èªk¸û¦³§U©ó´_­ì¡H
A.¸¡½¤³zªR(CAPD)
B.¦å²G³zªR(Hemodialysis)
C.¦å²G¹LÂo³N(Hemofiltration)
D.¦å¼ß¤ÀÂ÷³N(Plasmapheresis)
E.¦å²GÄé¬y³N(Hemoperfusion)
 
(C) 20.¤U¦C¦UºØ¦å²M§K¬ÌÀˬd¹ï©óGoodpasture's syndrome³Ì¨ã¦³¶EÂ_©Ê¡H
A.Cytoplasmic antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (C-ANCA)
B.Antistreptolysin O (ASO) antibody titer
C.Antiglomerular basement membrane antibody (Anti-GBM)
D.Antinuclear antibody (ANA)
E.Anti-HCV antibody
 
(E) 21.¤U¦C¦óªÌ±`¨Ö¦³§C§¿»Ä¦å¯g(hypouricemia)¡H1. The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH)2. Fanconi's syndrome3. Diuretics (thiazide) use4. Lead intoxication5. Xanthine oxidase deficiency syndrome
A.1, 3, 5
B.2, 4, 5
C.1, 2, 3
D.2, 3, 4
E.1, 2, 5
 
(D) 22.¤U¦C¦óªÌ¤£¬O¤Þ°_ÆP¦å¯g(metabolic alkalosis)¦X¨Ö§C¹[¦å¯g(hypokalemia)ªº­ì¦]¡H1. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors use2. Licorice (¥Ì¯ó) abuse3. Bartter's syndrome4. Laxatives (abused)5. Liddle's syndrome
A.1, 3
B.1, 3, 5
C.2, 4
D.1, 4
E.2, 3, 4
 


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